What are IVs and EVs, and how do they affect a Pokémon's stats?
IVs (0–31) are a Pokémon's innate, fixed stat potential for each stat. EVs are training points you allocate to stats to boost them in battle. Together with base stats and level, they determine final stats.
How does EV training work and what are the limits?
You can allocate up to 252 EVs to a single stat and up to 510 total EVs across all stats. About every 4 EVs in a stat adds +1 to that stat at level 100 (HP uses its own calculation).
What is the competitive metagame and why does it matter?
The metagame is the current set of commonly used strategies, Pokémon, and team builds in competitive play. Knowing it helps you predict threats and counter popular picks in a given format.
What does 'speed' mean in battles, and how do move priorities affect who moves first?
Speed determines which Pokémon moves first in a turn. Higher Speed usually means acting first; some moves have priority and act before others regardless of speed (e.g., Quick Attack).